The shift to vehicle electrification will be rather slow if personal vehicle ownership dominates personal mobility. However, the much more disruptive force is the movement to autonomous, connected and shared vehicles (aka Autonomous Mobility on Demand, or AMOD) that should dramatically reduce the cost of personal mobility while making battery or hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles more compelling and economically viable.The implications of such a transformation in the provision of personal mobility services is likely to have major implications on our cities that could be either positive or negative, depending on the policies that are implemented in the next 5-10 years.

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